A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 869 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £731, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1738 kWh | 695 kWh | 1043 kWh | £188 | £104 | £292 | £4,069 | 13.9 yrs | £1,778 |
| 3 kW | 2607 kWh | 1043 kWh | 1564 kWh | £282 | £156 | £439 | £6,104 | 13.9 yrs | £2,667 |
| 4 kW | 3476 kWh | 1390 kWh | 2085 kWh | £376 | £209 | £585 | £8,138 | 13.9 yrs | £3,557 |
| 5 kW | 4344 kWh | 1738 kWh | 2607 kWh | £470 | £261 | £731 | £10,173 | 13.9 yrs | £4,446 |
| 6 kW | 5213 kWh | 2085 kWh | 3128 kWh | £564 | £313 | £877 | £12,207 | 13.9 yrs | £5,335 |
| 7 kW | 6082 kWh | 2433 kWh | 3649 kWh | £658 | £365 | £1,023 | £14,242 | 13.9 yrs | £6,224 |
| 8 kW | 6951 kWh | 2780 kWh | 4171 kWh | £752 | £417 | £1,169 | £16,276 | 13.9 yrs | £7,113 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £879, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1738 kWh | 1043 kWh | 695 kWh | £282 | £70 | £352 | £6,169 | 17.5 yrs | £864 |
| 3 kW | 2607 kWh | 1564 kWh | 1043 kWh | £423 | £104 | £527 | £8,204 | 15.6 yrs | £2,346 |
| 4 kW | 3476 kWh | 2085 kWh | 1390 kWh | £564 | £139 | £703 | £10,238 | 14.6 yrs | £3,828 |
| 5 kW | 4344 kWh | 2607 kWh | 1738 kWh | £705 | £174 | £879 | £12,273 | 14.0 yrs | £5,310 |
| 6 kW | 5213 kWh | 3128 kWh | 2085 kWh | £846 | £209 | £1,055 | £14,307 | 13.6 yrs | £6,792 |
| 7 kW | 6082 kWh | 3649 kWh | 2433 kWh | £988 | £243 | £1,231 | £16,342 | 13.3 yrs | £8,274 |
| 8 kW | 6951 kWh | 4171 kWh | 2780 kWh | £1,129 | £278 | £1,407 | £18,376 | 13.1 yrs | £9,756 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £953, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1738 kWh | 1216 kWh | 521 kWh | £329 | £52 | £381 | £7,569 | 19.9 yrs | £57 |
| 3 kW | 2607 kWh | 1825 kWh | 782 kWh | £494 | £78 | £572 | £9,604 | 16.8 yrs | £1,836 |
| 4 kW | 3476 kWh | 2433 kWh | 1043 kWh | £658 | £104 | £763 | £11,638 | 15.3 yrs | £3,614 |
| 5 kW | 4344 kWh | 3041 kWh | 1303 kWh | £823 | £130 | £953 | £13,673 | 14.3 yrs | £5,393 |
| 6 kW | 5213 kWh | 3649 kWh | 1564 kWh | £988 | £156 | £1,144 | £15,707 | 13.7 yrs | £7,171 |
| 7 kW | 6082 kWh | 4258 kWh | 1825 kWh | £1,152 | £182 | £1,335 | £17,742 | 13.3 yrs | £8,950 |
| 8 kW | 6951 kWh | 4866 kWh | 2085 kWh | £1,317 | £209 | £1,525 | £19,776 | 13.0 yrs | £10,728 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £975, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1738 kWh | 1269 kWh | 469 kWh | £343 | £47 | £390 | £9,319 | 23.9 yrs | £-1,515 |
| 3 kW | 2607 kWh | 1903 kWh | 704 kWh | £515 | £70 | £585 | £11,354 | 19.4 yrs | £352 |
| 4 kW | 3476 kWh | 2537 kWh | 938 kWh | £687 | £94 | £780 | £13,388 | 17.2 yrs | £2,220 |
| 5 kW | 4344 kWh | 3171 kWh | 1173 kWh | £858 | £117 | £975 | £15,423 | 15.8 yrs | £4,087 |
| 6 kW | 5213 kWh | 3806 kWh | 1408 kWh | £1,030 | £141 | £1,171 | £17,457 | 14.9 yrs | £5,955 |
| 7 kW | 6082 kWh | 4440 kWh | 1642 kWh | £1,201 | £164 | £1,366 | £19,492 | 14.3 yrs | £7,822 |
| 8 kW | 6951 kWh | 5074 kWh | 1877 kWh | £1,373 | £188 | £1,561 | £21,526 | 13.8 yrs | £9,690 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £990, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1738 kWh | 1303 kWh | 434 kWh | £353 | £43 | £396 | £11,069 | 27.9 yrs | £-3,146 |
| 3 kW | 2607 kWh | 1955 kWh | 652 kWh | £529 | £65 | £594 | £13,104 | 22.1 yrs | £-1,220 |
| 4 kW | 3476 kWh | 2607 kWh | 869 kWh | £705 | £87 | £792 | £15,138 | 19.1 yrs | £707 |
| 5 kW | 4344 kWh | 3258 kWh | 1086 kWh | £882 | £109 | £990 | £17,173 | 17.3 yrs | £2,634 |
| 6 kW | 5213 kWh | 3910 kWh | 1303 kWh | £1,058 | £130 | £1,188 | £19,207 | 16.2 yrs | £4,561 |
| 7 kW | 6082 kWh | 4562 kWh | 1521 kWh | £1,234 | £152 | £1,386 | £21,242 | 15.3 yrs | £6,487 |
| 8 kW | 6951 kWh | 5213 kWh | 1738 kWh | £1,411 | £174 | £1,585 | £23,276 | 14.7 yrs | £8,414 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,005, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1738 kWh | 1338 kWh | 400 kWh | £362 | £40 | £402 | £13,519 | 33.6 yrs | £-5,478 |
| 3 kW | 2607 kWh | 2007 kWh | 600 kWh | £543 | £60 | £603 | £15,554 | 25.8 yrs | £-3,492 |
| 4 kW | 3476 kWh | 2676 kWh | 799 kWh | £724 | £80 | £804 | £17,588 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,506 |
| 5 kW | 4344 kWh | 3345 kWh | 999 kWh | £905 | £100 | £1,005 | £19,623 | 19.5 yrs | £480 |
| 6 kW | 5213 kWh | 4014 kWh | 1199 kWh | £1,086 | £120 | £1,206 | £21,657 | 18.0 yrs | £2,466 |
| 7 kW | 6082 kWh | 4683 kWh | 1399 kWh | £1,267 | £140 | £1,407 | £23,692 | 16.8 yrs | £4,452 |
| 8 kW | 6951 kWh | 5352 kWh | 1599 kWh | £1,448 | £160 | £1,608 | £25,726 | 16.0 yrs | £6,438 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.