A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 874 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £735, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1748 kWh | 699 kWh | 1049 kWh | £189 | £105 | £294 | £4,069 | 13.8 yrs | £1,811 |
| 3 kW | 2621 kWh | 1049 kWh | 1573 kWh | £284 | £157 | £441 | £6,104 | 13.8 yrs | £2,717 |
| 4 kW | 3495 kWh | 1398 kWh | 2097 kWh | £378 | £210 | £588 | £8,138 | 13.8 yrs | £3,623 |
| 5 kW | 4369 kWh | 1748 kWh | 2621 kWh | £473 | £262 | £735 | £10,173 | 13.8 yrs | £4,528 |
| 6 kW | 5243 kWh | 2097 kWh | 3146 kWh | £567 | £315 | £882 | £12,207 | 13.8 yrs | £5,434 |
| 7 kW | 6117 kWh | 2447 kWh | 3670 kWh | £662 | £367 | £1,029 | £14,242 | 13.8 yrs | £6,340 |
| 8 kW | 6990 kWh | 2796 kWh | 4194 kWh | £757 | £419 | £1,176 | £16,276 | 13.8 yrs | £7,245 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £884, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1748 kWh | 1049 kWh | 699 kWh | £284 | £70 | £354 | £6,169 | 17.4 yrs | £904 |
| 3 kW | 2621 kWh | 1573 kWh | 1049 kWh | £426 | £105 | £530 | £8,204 | 15.5 yrs | £2,406 |
| 4 kW | 3495 kWh | 2097 kWh | 1398 kWh | £567 | £140 | £707 | £10,238 | 14.5 yrs | £3,908 |
| 5 kW | 4369 kWh | 2621 kWh | 1748 kWh | £709 | £175 | £884 | £12,273 | 13.9 yrs | £5,410 |
| 6 kW | 5243 kWh | 3146 kWh | 2097 kWh | £851 | £210 | £1,061 | £14,307 | 13.5 yrs | £6,912 |
| 7 kW | 6117 kWh | 3670 kWh | 2447 kWh | £993 | £245 | £1,238 | £16,342 | 13.2 yrs | £8,414 |
| 8 kW | 6990 kWh | 4194 kWh | 2796 kWh | £1,135 | £280 | £1,415 | £18,376 | 13.0 yrs | £9,915 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £959, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1748 kWh | 1223 kWh | 524 kWh | £331 | £52 | £383 | £7,569 | 19.7 yrs | £100 |
| 3 kW | 2621 kWh | 1835 kWh | 786 kWh | £497 | £79 | £575 | £9,604 | 16.7 yrs | £1,900 |
| 4 kW | 3495 kWh | 2447 kWh | 1049 kWh | £662 | £105 | £767 | £11,638 | 15.2 yrs | £3,700 |
| 5 kW | 4369 kWh | 3058 kWh | 1311 kWh | £828 | £131 | £959 | £13,673 | 14.3 yrs | £5,500 |
| 6 kW | 5243 kWh | 3670 kWh | 1573 kWh | £993 | £157 | £1,150 | £15,707 | 13.7 yrs | £7,300 |
| 7 kW | 6117 kWh | 4282 kWh | 1835 kWh | £1,159 | £183 | £1,342 | £17,742 | 13.2 yrs | £9,101 |
| 8 kW | 6990 kWh | 4893 kWh | 2097 kWh | £1,324 | £210 | £1,534 | £19,776 | 12.9 yrs | £10,901 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £981, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1748 kWh | 1276 kWh | 472 kWh | £345 | £47 | £392 | £9,319 | 23.7 yrs | £-1,471 |
| 3 kW | 2621 kWh | 1914 kWh | 708 kWh | £518 | £71 | £589 | £11,354 | 19.3 yrs | £419 |
| 4 kW | 3495 kWh | 2551 kWh | 944 kWh | £690 | £94 | £785 | £13,388 | 17.1 yrs | £2,308 |
| 5 kW | 4369 kWh | 3189 kWh | 1180 kWh | £863 | £118 | £981 | £15,423 | 15.7 yrs | £4,198 |
| 6 kW | 5243 kWh | 3827 kWh | 1416 kWh | £1,036 | £142 | £1,177 | £17,457 | 14.8 yrs | £6,087 |
| 7 kW | 6117 kWh | 4465 kWh | 1651 kWh | £1,208 | £165 | £1,373 | £19,492 | 14.2 yrs | £7,977 |
| 8 kW | 6990 kWh | 5103 kWh | 1887 kWh | £1,381 | £189 | £1,570 | £21,526 | 13.7 yrs | £9,866 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £996, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1748 kWh | 1311 kWh | 437 kWh | £355 | £44 | £398 | £11,069 | 27.8 yrs | £-3,102 |
| 3 kW | 2621 kWh | 1966 kWh | 655 kWh | £532 | £66 | £598 | £13,104 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,153 |
| 4 kW | 3495 kWh | 2621 kWh | 874 kWh | £709 | £87 | £797 | £15,138 | 19.0 yrs | £797 |
| 5 kW | 4369 kWh | 3277 kWh | 1092 kWh | £887 | £109 | £996 | £17,173 | 17.2 yrs | £2,746 |
| 6 kW | 5243 kWh | 3932 kWh | 1311 kWh | £1,064 | £131 | £1,195 | £19,207 | 16.1 yrs | £4,695 |
| 7 kW | 6117 kWh | 4587 kWh | 1529 kWh | £1,241 | £153 | £1,394 | £21,242 | 15.2 yrs | £6,644 |
| 8 kW | 6990 kWh | 5243 kWh | 1748 kWh | £1,419 | £175 | £1,593 | £23,276 | 14.6 yrs | £8,593 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,011, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1748 kWh | 1346 kWh | 402 kWh | £364 | £40 | £404 | £13,519 | 33.4 yrs | £-5,432 |
| 3 kW | 2621 kWh | 2018 kWh | 603 kWh | £546 | £60 | £606 | £15,554 | 25.6 yrs | £-3,424 |
| 4 kW | 3495 kWh | 2691 kWh | 804 kWh | £728 | £80 | £809 | £17,588 | 21.7 yrs | £-1,415 |
| 5 kW | 4369 kWh | 3364 kWh | 1005 kWh | £910 | £100 | £1,011 | £19,623 | 19.4 yrs | £594 |
| 6 kW | 5243 kWh | 4037 kWh | 1206 kWh | £1,092 | £121 | £1,213 | £21,657 | 17.9 yrs | £2,603 |
| 7 kW | 6117 kWh | 4710 kWh | 1407 kWh | £1,274 | £141 | £1,415 | £23,692 | 16.7 yrs | £4,611 |
| 8 kW | 6990 kWh | 5383 kWh | 1608 kWh | £1,457 | £161 | £1,617 | £25,726 | 15.9 yrs | £6,620 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.